Differentiate demographic and environmental stochasticity and provide an example of each.

• A. Demographic stochasticity arises from random fates of individuals (e.g., probability of reproduction); environmental stochasticity arises from environmental fluctuations affecting all individuals (e.g., drought).
• B. Demographic stochasticity arises from environmental fluctuations; example: drought; environmental stochasticity arises from random fates of individuals; example: variable survival.
• C. Both refer to measurement error in data collection.
• D. Demographic stochasticity affects only populations with sexual reproduction; environmental stochasticity affects only asexual.

Answer: (A)